An abrupt change in the topography, such as escarpments, hills or valleys can significantly affect wind speed. Figure 1. To help in this process, changes to the wind load provisions of ASCE 7-16 that will affect much of the profession focusing on building design are highlighted. in three major ways: First, it provides values of 50 year peak 3 s gust speeds, instead of 50 year fastest-mile wind speeds, as was the case for the ASCE 7-93 wind map. Select roof systems that have been tested in accordance with code-approved test methods by accredited testing laboratories.  If you’ve taken the time to look at the wind maps, you may have noticed some significant changes to the contours and wind speed, but there are other changes that will affect your daily designs within the wind provisions. ASCE 7-05 and ASCE 7-10 have three roof zones: field, perimeter and corner, see Figure 2. . To that end, we will need to understand what has remained the same, what is changed, and what has been added to the latest version of ASCE 7. You can click on the map below to determine the basic wind speed for that location. It's important to recognize there are two basic steps used to determine design wind pressures acting on a roof. FM Approvals, Underwriters Laboratory, Intertek, NEMO, PRI, and others can perform testing—according to the code-approved test methods—that can be used to determine a roof system's capacity. Date change due to speaker availability – Session will also be rebroadcast on January 13th Speaker: Kim Olson, PE Steel Tube Institute AISC 360, Chapter K underwent a significant change in the 2016 Specification. is due to the kinetic energy contained in moving air, which is a function of wind speed and the density of air. Each version of ASCE 7 uses a variation of the above equation. The content is for informational purposes only. In November 2018, Don Scott, SE, from PCS Structural Solutions, presented ASCE 7-16 Wind Provisions – Changes Affecting the Design Provisions. ASCE 7 uses the following base equation to determine velocity pressure (qh):qh = 0.00256 (Kz)(Kzt) (Kd) (V2)(I), Where:qh = velocity pressure at mean roof heightKz = exposure coefficient based on exposure and heightKzt = topography factor (likely 1.0)Kd = wind directionality factor (Components and Cladding uses 0.85)V = basic wind speed for the locationI = Importance Factor (based on Occupancy Category). ASCE and American Society of Civil Engineers—Registered in U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. The subject matter is relevant and timely. The web based format is very cost-effective and beneficial as it allows our staff to attend each session in our own conference room and have a concurrent open discussion about how best to utilize the information presented.”, ~Donald G. Corson, P.E. In order to determine the wind loads acting on a roof, the architect/designer needs to know the following about a building—location; building code that is in effect at the building's location; height, length, and width; exposure category; use and occupancy; enclosure classification; topographic effects; and ground elevation. Simplifying the Complicated Process of Wind Design for Roof Systems. ASCE 7-10 has three wind maps, based on Risk Category I, Risk Category II, and Risk Categories III and IV, and they are based on Strength Design. Some of these selections may seem straight forward, but some impart a higher resultant design wind load, especially when compounded by similar risk-adverse choices. GAF is happy to share our website content with you through our free media sharing service. In ASCE 7-05, Importance Factor is a stand-alone factor in the velocity pressure calculations, and why there is one map in ASCE 7-05. Thus when ASCE … Simply put, for the contiguous U.S., ASCE 7-05 has one wind speed map and it is based on Allowable Stress Design. Speaker: Kim Olson, PE Steel Tube Institute AISC 360, Chapter K underwent a significant change in the 2016 Specification. ASCE 7-16 has four wind speed maps, one for each Risk Category and they are also based on Strength Design. Single-Ply Roof Membrane Types: What Are They and How Do They Differ? Select roof systems that have capacity greater than the loads acting on the building. While the information presented on this website is believed to be correct, SEAOC /OSHPD and its sponsors and contributors assume no responsibility or liability for its accuracy. Region 1 . Exposure D is applicable where Surface Roughness D prevails in the upwind direction for a distance greater than 5,000 ft. or 20 times the building height, whichever is greater. This is significant. The tested roof systems are found in approval listings. The registration email will be sent on Tuesday, January 12th. Download Image. The key difference being that FM did not adopt the wind maps utilized by ASCE 7-16 and the 2018 International Building Code. By submitting your application, you agree to our. The progression of ASCE 7 during the last two decades had added complexity to what was once a relatively straight-forward calculation. Understanding the similarities and differences between the three versions of ASCE 7 provides for better recognition of the current version's complexity and allows for more appropriate wind load determination. 27 to 30). ASCE 7-16 Update A. Lynn Miller, P.E. This is a beta release of the new ATC Hazards by Location website. Don't mix and match methods; for instance, don't use the wrong wind map with the online application that you are using. Ready for winter? Please contact us with feedback. McComas Engineering A balanced attic ventilation system is important to help prevent roofing system issues. The location of the building within the United States tells us two things which must be determined in specific order. For more information on wind design and the new ASCE 7, register for the Continuing Education Center webinar, Wind Design of Roof Systems, sponsored by GAF and presented by Jennifer Keegan, AIA, and James R. Kirby, AIA. The 2018 IBC (as well as prior versions) has very specific requirements for what is to be included on the construction documents regarding wind design of roof systems. These tests are run by approved testing agencies. Would you like to receive our Learn, Innovate, Excel Newsletter each month? Are you familiar with the changes to the wind provisions in ASCE 7-16?  The new maps now reflect more regional variability in extreme wind climates.  Wind speeds in the great plains remain unchanged, but for the rest of the country wind speeds have decreased, most significantly along the west coast. Figure 6: External Pressure Coefficients, GCp, for ASCE 7-16. Thanks”, – Javier Carlin, P.E. ASCE 7-16 also revised how the dimensions of the zones are sized; it is based on a building's height. Figure 1: Graphic showing external and internal air flow possibilities. "For the first time, I formally spoke out loud of the things that were happening—the real hurdles we face as women in sales within the predominantly male roofing industry." Shaded (Special Wind Region) areas, mountainous terrain, gorges, and ocean promontories should be examined for unusual wind conditions. 2020 was a tumultuous year, full of unknowns and adjustments—some natural and others forced by the pandemic. HKN Engineers Women In Sales Are Breaking Barriers and Empowering A Gender Diverse Salesforce. Each project is different, so results will vary. The Importance Factor was absorbed into the wind maps, which means for ASCE 7-10 and ASCE 7-16, the Velocity, V, is adjusted within the wind speed maps. Key Definitions • DESIGN PRESSURE, P: (ASCE/SEI 7-10, same at 7-16) Equivalent static pressure to be used in the determination of wind loads for buildings • EAVE HEIGHT, h e: (ASCE/SEI 7-10, same at 7-16) The distance from the ground surface adjacent to the … ASCE 7 uses three Surface Roughness Category types—called B, C and D—which in turn, defines three Exposure Category types, also called B, C and D. Exposure Categories B, C and D are generally defined as follows: The use and occupancy of a building is used to determine the "Occupancy Category" in ASCE 7-05 or "Risk Category" in ASCE 7-10 and ASCE 7-16. Also new in ASCE 7-16, a ground elevation factor (Ke) can be used to reduce pressures at higher elevations, or it can more conservatively be set to 1.0.  Don covered the changes to the new wind speed maps and explained how to determine the design wind speed. . In the end, the design architect's responsibility is to provide the necessary design wind loads; the manufacturer is responsible for testing roof systems in order to determine wind uplift capacity (See Determining Resistance, below); and the roofing contractor is responsible for proper installation that follows the construction documents and installation instructions. The recommended wind map return periods are 300, 700, 1700, and 3000 years for Category I, II, II and IV, respectively. American Structurepoint, Inc. Along the way I've learned a few things.  It is important to not only know what has changed, but why the changes were made. Yet while it certainly can be complicated, there are ways to break down the steps of wind design in order to make it much more digestible for architects and specifiers. Quickly retrieve site structural design parameters specified by ASCE 7-10 and ASCE 7-16, including wind, seismic, snow, ice, rain, flood, and tsunami. “When we have had a schedule conflict between a professional or personal commitment and an SEU session, having access to the session recording has been a very valuable tool. or amend all IBC 2018 references that permit use of the wind speed maps in ASCE 7 -16; otherwise, use of unconservative wind speeds may be permitted. There are some noteworthy differences between the three ASCE 7 editions and they include: the wind speed maps, roof zones, enclosure classifications, and external pressure coefficients. If the 2018 IBC is in effect, then ASCE 7-16 governs. Here's a look back at some of the ways GAF has made a positive impact on more than 6,000 families this year. GAF does not guarantee the accuracy, reliability, and completeness of the information. I wanted to take a minute to explain some of the major changes that occurred in ASCE 7-16. This presentation will provide the background for the changes and an overview of the... Speaker: Matthew Rechtien, PE, Esq Walter P. Moore   Handout and registration emails for this session will be sent to SE University companies on Friday, February 5th. Please complete the information below. Ground Elevation Factor New. Carmel, IN. This three-part webinar series discusses how to use the wind load provisions of ASCE 7-16 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures.  The first option is the Applied Technology Council’s (ATC) WINDSPEED BY LOCATION website which available free of charge. See Figure 5.  The second option is ASCE 7 HAZARD TOOL which is available to registered members. Note: There are methods to determine the wind loads acting on a roof for non-rectangular or non-square buildings; however, that is outside the scope of this blog. Brookfield, WI, “SE University has become an integral part of American Structurepoint’s training and continuing education program. Select a roof system with a tested capacity that meets or exceeds the design wind loads.  Since ASCE had not made changes to the non-hurricane wind speeds since 7-95, there was a significant increase in new anemometer locations and data gained from these locations. Note: This blog is not going to try to explain the difference between ASD and Strength Design loads. Based on research conducted at … The loads acting on a roof must be calculated in order to select a roof system that has the necessary capacity (i.e., wind uplift resistance). Sign up to receive the latest trends and insights for you. Research and experience has shown that wind speeds can increase significantly due to topographic effects. Roof systems that have the tested capacity to resist calculated wind loads can be found in approval listings (e.g., UL, FM). © Copyright 2018 SE Solutions, LLC (providers of SE University) | Website by, SE University, Provided by SE Solutions, LLC, Continuing Education Requirements by State, Applied Technology Council’s (ATC) WINDSPEED BY LOCATION, “SEU Speaker Inspires” Organization of the Month: Harvest Hope, “SEU Speaker Inspires” Organization of the Month: World Wildlife Fund, “SEU Speaker Inspires” Organization of the Month: Doctors without Borders, “SEU Speaker Inspires” Organization of the Month: Structural Engineers 2050 Commitment Program SE2050. In general, the greater the importance of a building, the higher the Importance Factor or Risk Category which results in higher uplift pressures. Your roof works hard to protect your home from snow, rain, and storms. Don offered two permitted web based tools that may be used to access wind speed data for various locations in the United States. For ASCE 7-05 and ASCE 7-10, there are three classification types: Open, Partially Enclosed, and Enclosed. MecaWind includes ASCE 7-05, ASCE 7-10 and ASCE 7-16, and includes all of the changes in the new standard. In the 2003 and 2006 IBC, for wind resistance of nonballasted roofs, the codes state that built-up, modified bitumen, adhered or mechanically attached single-ply, through fastened metal panel roof systems, and other types of membrane roof coverings shall be tested in accordance with FM 44504, FM 44705, UL 5807 or UL 18978. The three versions that are currently in use are ASCE 7-05, 7-10, and 7-16, with the "-xx" representing the year of publication. Adding to SkyCiv's already list of free tools, is the new Wind Load Calculator for ASCE 7-10, AS 1170.2 and EN 1991 (EC1).This easy to use calculator will display the wind speed by location via a wind speed map as prescribed by the above building codes. Furthermore, separate wind maps for Risk Categories III and IV needed to be developed for ASCE 7-16 using a structural reliability-based procedure described Different editions of building codes exist, and therefore, different versions of ASCE 7 are being used in different parts of the country. Adoption of the new wind maps in ASCE 7 at the recommended return periods will achieve wind load reliabilities that are comparable reliability to those for gravity load criteria in extratropical regions. Exposure D also applies where the ground surface roughness immediately upwind of the site is B or C, and the site is within a distance of 600 ft. or 20 times the building height, whichever is greater, from an Exposure D condition. These classifications determine the values to use for the Internal Pressure Coefficient, GCpi. Wind Loads are important consideration in structural engineering in the design of a structure. For additional information regarding the changes to the 2005, 2010 and 2016 editions of ASCE 7, refer to the following articles by Thomas L. Smith published in Professional Roofing Magazine: "ASCE 7 update" (June 2008); "Mapping the 2010 wind changes" (August 2010); and "How do I load thee?" ASCE 7-16: Changes to Wind Calculations for Rooftop Solar Joe Cain, P.E. Therefore, step one is to determine the loads acting on the roof of a specific building. This blog contains information created by a variety of sources, including internal and third party writers. DISCLAIMER. When it comes time to talk to a contractor about doing a residential roof repair or replacement, it's good to know the different parts of a roof and the components of a roofing system.Important Structural Components Below the Roof. Want a personalized copy of this page for your website? Figure 4 shows possible roof-zone configurations based on ASCE 7-16. Wind design of roof systems is one of the more complicated things that an architect deals with during the design of a building. It is important that the testing method used to determine the capacity of a roof system is listed in the applicable building code. The wind speed increase is known as a wind speed-up effect. Before we get into a discussion about the wind design process, it's appropriate to discuss the requirements in the building code. This factor essentially relates to the possibility that a building will become internally pressurized during a wind event. Wind Examples ASCE 7-10/ ASCE 7-16 Illustration of Calculations Meca Enterprises, Inc. 836 West Jasper St. Example of ASCE 7-10 Risk Category II Basic Wind Speed Map. Figure 5: Interior Pressure Coefficients, GCpi, for ASCE 7-16. Testing laboratories that have listings of rated roofing assemblies include Underwriters Laboratories and FM Approvals. The good news is that the roofing industry has numerous roof assemblies that have tested capacity to meet the design wind loads established under the direction of ASCE 7-16. And with the latest version of ASCE 7, "Minimum Design Loads For Buildings and Other Structures" (ASCE 7), it has become that much more challenging for roof system designers and roofing contractors. The handout email for this session will be sent to SE University companies on Friday, January 8th. Together it was decided—we need to do something more.  He also presented the changes to the roof pressure coefficients, and explained the effects of the new Elevation Factor. In situations where a specific version of ASCE 7 is not mandatory, using the most recent version of ASCE 7 is recommended. And lastly, SPRI sponsors the Directory of Roofing Assemblies (DORA) which is an online database of tested assemblies. Ensure that an appropriate safety factor is included on either the load side or the resistance side. All of the previously discussed assumptions and selections and characterizations of the building are used to determine the Velocity Pressure for a roof project. While most of the country will appreciate some wind pressure reductions, there will be more regional variability nationwide than in previous editions of ASCE7 due to the new wind map contours. The series will cover the basics of wind engineering including the atmospheric and aerodynamic effects of wind on buildings. On the other end of the line, Rachel Engelstein, VP and Chief Litigation and Compliance Counsel, had the same thought, that this was something long overdue for real conversation. . Speaker: Aldo E. McKay, PE Protection Engineering Consultants   Handout and registration emails for this session will be sent to SE University companies on Friday, March 5th. Recognizing how a safety factor is included in the approval listing is critical to ensuring an appropriate roof system is selected and installed. Simply put, a roof assembly must be able to resist the design wind loads acting on the rooftop. Using "Partially Enclosed" as the building type results in an increase of about one third in the design wind pressures in the field of the roof versus an "Enclosed" or "Partially Open" building—all other factors held equal. During the same time period when the wind load map was being developed, the ASCE 7 committee examining load factors increased the load factor from a value of 1.53 to 1.6. Along with family and festivities, winter roof maintenance can help ensure a safe, memorable season. Dates and registration coming soon. A terrain's surface roughness is determined from natural topography, vegetation and the surrounding construction. Chair, SEIA Codes & Standards Working Group David Banks, PhD, P.Eng ... ASCE 7-16 Wind Speed Maps Revised (again) • Risk Category II • Mean Recurrence Interval (MRI) 700 years) • ASCE 7-16 wind speed The final wind speed map used in ASCE 7-98 was developed using design =V V 500 / 1.5 . Female trailblazers create a community of belonging dedicated to empowering a gender diverse workforce through the development and advancement of GAF women in sales.On a freezing D.C. morning in February of 2019, Natalia Gallo, Regional Director of Mid-Atlantic Sales, answered the phone. Senior Code Compliance Engineer PGT Custom Windows + Doors ASCE 7-16 Simplified Language for Effective Wind Area (Chapter 26 Commentary): • Current language in ASCE 7-10: For typical door and window systems supported on three or more sides, the effective wind area is the area of the door or window under consideration. The primary method for determining a roof system's wind uplift resistance (aka, capacity) is through physical testing. Purpose and Background. ASCE 7-10 and 7-16 incorporates Risk Category (i.e., importance factor) into the wind speed maps, and that is why there are 3 maps in ASCE 7-10, and 4 maps in ASCE 7-16.  This tool provides all design parameters specified by ASCE 7-16 for a given site. These are shown in Figure 5. Wind Speed Maps - ASCE 7-16 « on: March 09, 2018, 11:12:56 am » I don't know about the rest of you but when I look at the new wind speed maps in the ASCE 7-16, in particular the eastern United States I find the contour lines a bit confusing. That's led me to also devote considerable time and energy to thinking about—and working to build—organizational cultures that foster truly transformational innovation. Enter your email address to subscribe to the GAF ProBlog and receive notifications of new posts by email. The 2018 IBC, in Section 1603, Construction Documents, states: The 2018 IBC further states, in Section 1603.1.4, Wind design data that the following is to be included on construction documents. . The opinions and views expressed do not necessarily represent those of GAF. Don was able to provide much insight as to what went into the changes to the wind speed maps and roof pressure coefficients. ASCE 7-16 amended these classification types by adding another type called, "Partially Open" and also revised some of the definitions. In ASCE 7-05, Importance Factor is a stand-alone factor in the velocity pressure calculations, and why there is one map in ASCE 7-05. Next Course. 2020 has been a year of monumental change, pushing many companies to consider how they can be better, how they can do things differently, and—most importantly—how they can help.Corporate social responsibility (CSR) efforts allow GAF to bring about meaningful change in the communities it serves and within its own company. While most of the country will appreciate some wind pressure reductions, there will be more regional variability nationwide than in previous editions of ASCE7 due to the new wind map contours. However, the appropriateness of using ASD values with roofing systems and the adjustment of the Strength Design to ASD values are addressed in the 2018 IBC and in ASCE 7-16. In general, the greater the importance of a building, the higher the Importance Factor or … If the 2012 or 2015 IBC is in effect, then ASCE 7-10 governs. The equation to determine velocity pressure varies slightly in ASCE 7-05, ASCE 7-10 and ASCE 7-16. Speaker: Ashley Cagle, PE, SE WoodWorks Handout and registration emails for this session will be sent to SE University companies on Friday, April 2nd. This is where much of the concern with ASCE 7-16 lies—the increase in the External Pressure Coefficients—and how the increases will affect design wind pressures. El Paso, TX, “Feedback I’ve been getting from others (in my office) is that these seminars are excellent, not at all like the standard seminars that we have seen from others. The values for External Pressure Coefficients have been significantly increased in ASCE 7-16. For more information about Resilient Roof Systems, read this blog. Approval listings are maintained by various entities, such as government agencies, testing laboratories, and even a trade association. ... 22 SEISMIC GROUND MOTION, LONG-PERIOD TRANSITION, AND RISK COEFFICIENT MAPS . . This tool provides all design parameters specified by ASCE 7-16 for a given site. They are effectively interchangeable terms, however, they are addressed differently. Wind ASCE 7-10 v ASCE 7-16 • Except in hurricane areas, wind speeds have reduced by about 10% – More weather stations available now – Increased forestation & urbanization – Reliabilities of old maps “not right” • At high altitude locations wind pressures can be … Conceptually, the goal is to determine the design wind loads, then select the appropriate roof system with a tested resistance greater than the design wind loads. The Velocity Pressure is the 'foundational' load that is used to determine the design wind pressures for each zone of a rooftop. Exposure B is applicable to buildings with a mean roof height of less than or equal to 30 ft. and where Surface Roughness B prevails in the upwind direction for a distance greater than 1,500 ft. For buildings with a mean roof height greater than 30 ft., Exposure B shall apply where Surface Roughness B prevails in the upwind direction for a distance greater than 2,600 ft. or 20 times the height of the building, whichever is greater. Determining the height, length, and width of a building should be straightforward and a vast majority of buildings are predominately square or rectangular in shape, or in general, have square or rectangular roof areas. For example, if the 2006 or 2009 IBC is in effect, then ASCE 7-05 governs. In ASCE 7-10 and ASCE 7-16, the wind speed maps and target reliabilities have been updated to incorporate the new analysis of non-hurricane wind data and … Example of government agencies with approval listings include: Florida Department of Business and Professional Regulation, Miami Dade County, and Texas Department of Insurance. The test methods to determine wind resistance are listed in the IBC Section 1504, Performance Requirements. New Risk Category IV Wind Speed Map – 7th Edition (2020) FBCB (ASCE 7-16 Figure 26.5-1D) While the wind speed maps in ASCE 7-16 have been revised significantly for the nonhurricane-prone region, for the State of Florida, the only significant change to the wind speed maps is the introduction of a new wind speed map for Risk Category IV buildings Photo detail for ASCE 7-10 Wind Speed Map: Title: ASCE 7-10 Wind Speed Map Date: September 13, 2018 Size: 2548kB Resolution: 4300px x 3062px Download Image. The external pressure coefficient values are based on roof zones and the appropriate "effective wind area" (which we won't go into in this blog). After determining the velocity pressures, the next step is to calculate the design uplift pressures specific to the interior (if applicable), field, perimeter, and corner zones of a roof. This paper shows that the new wind maps in ASCE 7-16, which are based on return periods of 300, 700, 1,700, and 3,000 years for Risk Categories I, II, III, and IV, respectively), achieve the reliability targets in Section 1.3.1.3 of ASCE 7-16 for nonhurricane wind loads.  Also, new hurricane models have reduced the hurricane winds along the northeast coast, while the hurricane winds along the southeast coastlines remain unchanged. The ASCE 7-16 classification types are Open buildings, Partially Open, Partially Enclosed, and Enclosed buildings. Minimum Design Wind Loads for the respective direction according to ASCE/SEI 7‑16 27.1.5; Case 1: Full design wind pressure acting on the projected area perpendicular to each principal axis of the structure, considered separately along each principal axis. Sections of IBC 2018 that reference the ASCE 7 -16 wi nd maps (which do not match the 2013 Colorado Front Range Gust Map) include 1609.1.1 and 1609.3. C1.3.1.3 of ASCE 7-10 to Section 1.3.1.3 of ASCE 7-16. However, the factors selected by a conservative owner (e.g., choosing Partially Enclosed) also have an effect on the design wind loads. Providing this information on the construction documents ensures the contractor and manufacturer (together or separately) can provide an appropriate roof system with tested capacity. What Are the Parts of a Residential Roof? An architect/designer needs to know a building's location; the building code that is in effect at the building's location; its height, length, and width; the exposure category; the use and occupancy category; the enclosure classification; any topographic effects; and ground elevation in order to determine the wind loads acting on a roof. In no event shall GAF be held responsible or liable for errors or omissions in the content or for the results, damages or losses caused by or in connection with the use of or reliance on the content. 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