The filler functionalization (i.e., the introduction of functional group on filler surface) and the addition of compatibilizer in polymer/particles mixtures, have been considered a useful approach for developing the compatibility between the two phases, and consequently for improving the dispersion and the interfacial interaction. Data reported in literature on TC values of polypropylene. Thermal conductivities of the filled polypropylene samples are compared with the modelled values according to Hashin and Shtrikman. The TC remained almost the same as the temperature increase until it decreased during melting due to a possible breakup of crystalline regions. In addition to Kapitza resistance, in a composite a further resistance to the heat transport, involving the solid-solid interface, i.e., particle-particle interface has to be considered. Table 3 shows some values of TC reached in the PP-based composites, according to the filler type, its size and added content. In general, heat transfer takes place through three different mechanisms: convection, conduction, irradiation. It was also conducted thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) on PP and HMPE fibers. of magnetite, nearly independent of the particle size and distribution; whereas the electrical resistivity decreased more than seven orders of magnitude. A known heat flow (i.e., the heating power) is applied to one side of the sample and passes through it by establishing a temperature gradient between the two opposite faces of the sample. PP, like polyethylene (see HDPE, L/LLDPE) and polybutene (PB), Polypropylene is a polyolefin or saturated polymer. On the contrary, an opposite trend of the TC of PP against temperature was found by dos Santos et al. [69] reported the enhancement on the TC and dielectric properties of PP composites due to the synergistic effect of the introduced nano-sized aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and micro-sized barium titanate (BaTiO3). The thermal stability of the composites improves somewhat compared to that of PP. In the FM (Figure 2c), a short but intense energy pulse is sent to one side of the sample and the temperature increase is measured on the opposed side in function of time. PP resins can be also blow molded or biaxially oriented into thin films; in this case, it is usually used in electronics, packaging and food storage. On the contrary, the formulations containing pristine BN possessed a higher TC with respect to that prepared with modified one. By balancing in the polymeric resin the filler content and type, it is possible to obtain the desired features in the final products. Results, compared in terms of fillers size and volume fraction, highlighted the stronger heat transport ability of the formulations including the smaller particles. [42]. At steady-state, the TC is evaluated by measuring the difference in temperature and applying the Eq. In an internal combustion engine, an elevated heat transfer affects performance, efficiency and emissions because it reduces the average combustion gas temperature and pressure, and the work per cycle transferred to the piston, for a given mass of fuel within the cylinder [10]. [63] found that the addition of PP-g-MA significantly reduced the contribution of included CNTs to the ultimate thermal transport properties of the corresponded mixtures, from +42.2 to +19.6% in presence of neat CNTs and from +47.7 to +11.7% for systems containing amino functionalized CNTs. Brief introduction to this section that descibes Open Access especially from an IntechOpen perspective, Want to get in touch? (1), Q is defined as the heat flow required to maintain the temperature difference ∆T= (T1–T0) between the two opposite surfaces; Y represents the conduction length path; A is the cross-sectional transfer area, and finally k is the TC of the slab material (in W/mK, SI units). 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